Thursday, July 31, 2014

August 1, 2014 2nd Thessalonians Chapter 2

2nd Thessalonians Chapter 2

Originally posted Thursday September 18, 2008


General Comment: In the first chapter the writer has addressed the issue of what might be called "apocalyptic fervor" within the Thessalonian church. This has been triggered by a period of "persecutions and afflictions" which is being interpreted as the sign of Jesus' return and his carrying out of God's judgment. The source of their understanding of such signs is not clear. In Paul's letters while he writes of suffering (1 Thess. 1:6) and awaiting the Parousia (1 Thess, 1:10), he does not dabble in forced interpretations of current events as predictive sign posts pointing to the end. Paul encourages faithful waiting, leaving the future events up to God (1 Thess. 5:1-3). In Paul's description of Christ's return his focus of attention is always on heavenly events initiated by God and not earthly ones (1 Cor. 15:51-52; 1 Thess. 4:16-17). By the last decade of the century, when the current letter was written, a significant change in perspective had occurred. The timing of Christ's return is no longer understood apart from the experiences of the Christian communities. Now there are historic realities moving people to search for meaning in the events and personages of their day. The Parousia is being predicated upon earthly signs. Persecutions and afflictions which once were to be endured as testimonies to faith, have become signs of the end to be studied as sources of evidence. The "thief in the night" analogy just won't do. We have to know the thief's name, where he is from and what he is doing. So much for the  unknowable mind of God.

2nd Thessalonians Chapter 2:1-13 The Man of Lawlessness

The writer of 2nd Thessalonians begs the believers to calm their apocalyptic hysteria and hold firm to the faith as first received. They are being deceived, "shaken in mind [and] alarmed" by local or itinerant end-time prophets who have proclaimed that the final gathering for the "Day of the Lord" has already arrived (MT 23:37). Deception might come from a human teaching not of the Spirit. There are special appeals to movements of the Spirit (charismatic) and spurious letters from those outside the Pauline circle of disciples. All of this is deception. As a corrective to these misleading pronouncements that the Day of the Lord is already here the writer sets forth specific signs imbedded in events which must come first before the end.

Before the Day of the Lord can appear, two events must occur: a rebellion (apostasy) and in the rebellion the revealing of the "man of lawlessness" (not 'man of sin') who is "destined for destruction" (the son of his own destruction). The writer describes the "lawless one" as the leader of apostasy - the rejection of the Gospel and abandonment of one's faith. To follow the Greek text, he is "the one setting himself [up] against and exalting himself above all that are called gods or as an object of veneration, one sitting in the temple of God, there presenting himself as if he were God." To aver that this is a difficult passage is an understatement. There is no satisfactory identification of the "lawless one" with any person of history, though many have made determined attempts to do so. We would better understand the writer's intent by taking the "lawless one" as a collective term relating to a general fragmenting of Christian faithfulness to the Gospel - thus, "rebellion," which would point toward a growing apostasy or abandonment of belief. This does not answer the question of what is leading to this apostasy among some of the Thessalonians. Perhaps it was the delay in the Parousia which allowed for a number of alternative theories to arise regarding the end time. This certainly is the situation reflected in the three letters of John written near and after this letter.

It is certain that the writer has in mind a lapsing of faith. He suggests that the forces leading to this apostasy, all the work of Satan, are being restrained, perhaps by God working through the faithful remnant of believers, preventing a complete spread of the apostasy. The removal of such a restraint - when the lawless one's time has come, although it makes matters worse for a while, eventually leads to his annihilation by the returning Christ. The working of Satan through the lawless one has  deceived the minds of many who believed the falsehoods they heard, causing them to abandon the true faith. It was a delusion God had allowed so that the full extent of unrighteousness would be revealed and condemned at the coming of Christ.

2nd Thessalonians Chapter 2:13-17 Chosen for Salvation


Now the writer directly addresses the believers of the community who have not been lulled into apostasy (rebellion) by false prophecies, heretical teaching or forged letters. They are the "beloved of the Lord," chosen (because of faith) as the first fruits from the beginning "for salvation through sanctification." These are clearly those who have continued in their faithful belief in the truth (the Gospel) proclaimed to them in the beginning. They are the ones who, rejecting all deceptions, will obtain "the glory of our Lord." But the time of delusion has not ended. The unrestrained attack of the lawless one doing Satan's work lurks close by. Therefore, the writer exhorts the believers to "stand firm and hold fast" to what they were taught, by word and by letter. On this he pronounces his benediction, invoking God and Christ's comfort and strengthening, in heart and mind as they continue "in every good work and word." By doing so they truly become the "first fruits" that make the whole community holy.

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