Friday, September 26, 2014

September 26, 2014 2nd John

2nd John

Originally posted Monday November 24, 2008


2nd John 1-13

The Elder (Overseer) addresses the readers as the "Chosen Lady" and her children (the household of God), in keeping with the Greek word for Church, "ecclesia," which is a feminine noun. Using the familiar themes of truth and love, he expresses his and others' love for the community "in the truth" that abides in him and in all who share in the truth. This double use of "truth" can express two contextual meanings. In vs. 1a "in truth" can be stated as "in Christ," living one's life in Christ as a faithful believer. In vss. 1b-2 the truth that is known and abides in the Elder and readers forever, is the accepted teaching, the truth that Jesus Christ came in the flesh and was not a spirit devoid of a human nature. In vs. 3 we note the Elder's emphatic use of "will" related to the spiritual gifts of grace, mercy and peace. He does not simply hope they will be with him and the Chosen Lady and her children, he knows they will be. These three gifts are not platitudes. They represent the continuing faithfulness of God and Christ who love the Church. It is by God's grace that the believer is called to faith, by God's mercy that the believer is forgiven and in peace that the believer will live, now and eternally.

The Elder rejoices at the news that some of the members of the addressed community are remaining faithful to the truth of Christ which others reject. This statement provides some insight into the situation. The readers are not part of a church that has as a whole broken fellowship with the Elder's community. They have been divided by the teachings of false prophets who deny that Christ came in the flesh. The Elder does not make the outcome clear but it is probable that those who were influenced left the community to form a new one. In the wake of this separation the Elder urges the "some" who have not "gone out" to remain true to the commandment they "had from the beginning" (when they were converted), to love one another. To have love for one another and for God is to "walk according to [God's] commandments" in love and truth (see 3:23f).

Repeating the information about the schism shaking the church, (1 John 2:18-19) the Elder is attempting to shore up resistance to any further rupture of the community. The deceivers/antichrists who reject the teaching that Christ came in the flesh have "gone out into the world" of deception where the truth of Christ does not abide. The remnant "some" are to be on guard lest they also become deceived and lose the reward of eternal life. Those who have gone out, have rejected the teaching about Christ; they are not of God for it is God's Spirit who is the teacher. They have gone beyond the teaching about Christ. 2 John is not specific on this point of "going beyond" the teaching about Christ. The teaching which abides in the believer is the truth of Christ as the Son of God and Messiah who has come in the flesh. To go beyond this truth most likely refers to some attempt to reject Jesus' humanity as a suffering servant who actually dies on a cross. In such a Christology Christ is re-imaged as a spiritual being that descended from heaven and then returned without having suffered or died. The language of John's Gospel - the Word in the beginning who was made flesh and dwelt among us, gave rise to a host in interpretations of Jesus as the heavenly redeemer who only seemed to be human (Docetism, Gnosticism). Those who have gone beyond the truth about Christ "do not have God." Those who continue to abide "in the [true] teaching of Christ" do.

The Elder exhorts those who remain faithful to keep apart from the deceivers. They are not to offer anyone hospitality in the church or in the home who comes with any teaching other than the truth they have learned "from the beginning." Indeed, to welcome such persons is the same as participating in their evil teaching. Given the importance of hospitality in the life of the early church this exhortation gives voice to just how serious this schism had become and the Elder's desire to stop the cancer from spreading any further.

In a brief final greeting the Elder expresses his hope that he can visit the community and talk with the members "mouth to mouth" about these matters. Such a meeting will complete their joy - a fitting complement to the Elder's joy in vs. 4.  The mention of such a cordial gathering stands in stark contrast to the rejection of false prophets. In a final note of solidarity the Elder sends the greetings of the readers' "chosen sister," the church from which he writes.


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